By B. Chance, et al.,
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Less accuracy than a system employing circular lines of position, it is of extreme importance because it permits the position of A to be found by receiving equipment alone. Examples of this system are Loran and Gee. SEC. 216] PULSE ECHO SYSTEMS A brief discussion of the characteristics findinlg Systerns follows. of a few practi( 31 losition- FIQ. —A microwave radar system specialized for accurate range measurementt. 16. —A simple radar system specialized for accurate range measurement is shown in Fig.
17 where straightforward differentiation of the distance output of the time demodulator is indicated. The properties and performance of a number of radar systems using these techniques are given in the next sections, especially Sees. 17. 12. -In frequency-modulated distance finders the output information is obtained as a frequency shift Af corresponding to the product of the time delay bet~l-een transmission and reception of information and the rate of change of frequency with time. If there is relative motion of the transmitter-receiver system and ‘iJance the reflector, an additional frequency shift ~ ~ is added to Aj.
37 — 38 TECHNIQUES OF PULSE TIME MEASUREMENTS [SEC. 31 Accurate time measurements require exact reproducibility of the switching waveform and rapid rise of the transmitted pulse. I-Asec pulse are shown in Fig. 32. More rapid rises (~ 5 X 10-’ see) have been employed, but unstable operation of the magnetron is often observed (see Vol. 6). It is often desirable to employ as short a pulse as possible to obtain high discrimination in range. 1 Psec have been used in experimental systems. The actual buildup of oscillations in three types of oscillators, a 300&Mc/sec magnetron, a 2-Me/see triode, and a 16-kc/sec timing oscillator, is shown in Fig.
