Isotopic Tracers in Biology. An Introduction to Tracer by Martin D. Kamen

By Martin D. Kamen

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This reaction has a large probability a t high energies because of the absence of a barrier t o neutron emission, as discussed before. T h e emergent neutron will have considerably less energy t h a n the impinging neutron, so t h a t the whole process m a y be considered as a n inelastic collision of target nucleus and 32 I . ATOMIC N U C L E I , RADIOACTIVITY, A N D RADIOACTIVE I S O T O P E S neutron. T h e energy remaining in the target after neutron emission can be dissipated as y radiation.

NEUTRON-INDUCED TRANSMUTATIONS A. GENERAL REMARKS T h e neutron is uncharged and hence experiences no Coulomb repulsion on approaching a target nucleus. T h e probability of neutron capture is determined mainly by t h e time it lingers in the vicinity of t h e nucleus. Since this depends inversely on t h e velocity of the neutron, it is obvious t h a t t h e capture probability, and hence the value of σ, for neutron capture will depend to a first approximation on t h e inverse of its velocity. I t is a d v a n tageous, therefore, to lower neutron velocities in order t o achieve maximal t r a n s m u t a t i o n effects.

A t 13 t o 16 M e v . ,2n) rises so high t h a t t h e total yield from this reaction is comparable with b o t h (d,n) a n d (dyp). 13 23 24 81 82 Experimental curves for t h e processes N a ( d , p ) N a , Br (rf,p)Br , and » Clarke, E. , and Irvine, J. , Phys. Rev. 66, 231 (1944); 70, 893 (1946). I . ATOMIC N U C L E I , R A D I O A C T I V I T Y , 36 A N D RADIOACTIVE ISOTOPES MEV FIG. 6. Cross-section-energy relations for various deuteron-induced reactions in 18 sodium bromide. (After Clarke and Irvine.

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Isotopic Tracers in Biology. An Introduction to Tracer by Martin D. Kamen
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